不同密度对超甜玉米产量、商品性及可溶性固形物含量的影响
以超甜玉米品种京科甜183、京科甜533为试验材料，设3.0、3.75、4.5、5.25、6.0、6.75万株/hm26个密度处理，研究不同密度对超甜玉米生长、产量、商品特性及可溶性固形物含量的影响。结果表明，随种植密度的增加，产量逐渐增高，穗长、穗粗、一等穗率、特等穗率逐渐下降，乳熟期籽粒可溶性固形物含量逐渐降低。京科甜183和京科甜533产量显著增加点分别在密度增加至5.25和4.5万株/hm2时，随密度继续增加产量增幅不明显。密度增加至5.25万株/hm2时，京科甜183一等以上穗率开始显著降低，密度增加至6.0万株/hm2时，京科甜183穗长、京科甜533穗长和一等以上穗率，以及两品种籽粒可溶性固形物含量开始显著降低。因此认为，京科甜183密度以5.25万株/hm2左右为宜，京科甜533的密度应适当降低，以4.5～5.25万株/hm2为宜，以兼顾产量、果穗外观品质、营养品质，达到超甜玉米的商品化种植，提高种植效益。
英文摘要:
Field experiment was conducted with six planting densities (30000、37500、45000、52500、60000、67500 plants/hm2) by using sweet corn varieties Jingketian183 and Jingketian533, in order to illustrate the effects of planting density on plant growth, yield, and product quality of sweet corn. The results showed that yields of two varieties were increased, ear length and diameter, ear rate of first grade, ear rate of top grade, and soluble solids contents(SSC) in kernels were decreased with the increasing of planting densities. Yield of Jingketian183 and Jingketian533 showed significant increase when planting densities increasing to 52500, 45000 plants/hm2, and the output increase were not obvious as planting densities continue to increase. In terms of product quality, rate of first grade and top grade of Jineketian183 began to significantly decrease when planting densities increasing to 52500 plants/hm2, and that of Jingketian533, ear length, SSC of both varieties began to significantly decrease when planting densities increasing to 60000 plants/hm2. For Jingketian183 and Jingketian533, the suitable density was 52500 plants/hm2 and 45000-52500 plants/hm2 respectively, to take yield, ear appearance quality and nutritional quality into account to improve planting benefits.
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