增加种植密度是提高玉米产量的重要途径之一,增密使得玉米根冠结构趋向横向收缩、纵向伸展,深松打破犁底层利于提高其适应性,且不同品种的这种耐密适应性存在差异。为探明我国玉米品种与国外品种的耐密性对深松响应的异同,本试验在深松,40cm和旋耕15cm两种耕作条件下,在9.0万株/hm2和10.5万株/hm2两个高密度种植条件下,对中系郑单958和登海618、美系先玉335和华美1号、德系KX3564和KWS2564共6个不同血缘玉米品种的地上部形态生理及产量形成指标进行了对比分析,结果表明：我国玉米品种的耐密性对深松耕作响应与美国和德国的玉米品种存在差异,华美1号、kx3564、kws2564、先玉335在深松耕作条件下,相对于旋耕,单株生产能力下降缓慢,群体生产能力显著提高,穗位叶叶夹角、净光合速率、LAI、SPAD值在增密后表现迟钝,产量、耐密系数显著提高,其耐密适应性对深松耕作的响应能力高于郑单958、登海618。因此,选择对深松耕作高响应度的耐密性品种是发挥品种增产潜力的重要前提,是挖掘品种耐密性对深松措施响应的关键所在,我国玉米品种的净光合速率、LAI、SPAD、单株和群体生产力等性状的耐密性有待进一步提高。
英文摘要:
The increase of planting density is one of the important ways to improve the yield of maize, increasing corn root cap“double compact emissary”,and the difference between the adaptability of density of maize varieties. Subsoiling can break the plow bottom and help to improve its adaptability .This test under the two tillage including S40 cm deep loosening and rotary tillage 15cm, and set two density treatment 9.0万株/hm2、10.5万株/hm2 and six different genetic varieties respectively in Zhengdan 958 and Denghai 618, the United States Department of Xianyu 335 and Huamei 1, German KX3564 and KWS2564 were used as test materials. In order to explore the response of density tolerance of different varieties to deep loose. The results showed that there was the significant difference between density-tolerant of different varieties to deep loose. Compared with rotary tillage 15cm, Under the condition of the deep loosening ,The Plant production capacity of Huamei 1, kx3564, kws2564, and Xianyu 335 declined slowly, but the group production capacity increased significantly, and the net photosynthetic rate, LAI and SPAD value performed slowl after increased density, but the maize yield and the density coefficient was increased, and its the density of adaptive response ability of deep tillage was higher than that of Zhengdan 958 and Denghai 618.Therefore,choosing density-tolerant varieties with sensitive response to sub-soiling is important Sprerequisite of reaching varieties yield potential and is the key to min varieties resistant to density response to subsoiling and therefore this measure can tap the varieties resistant to density after deep loosening and increased density potention,ultimately reach to high yield and super high yield of Maize.
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