PLOS ONE:中国农大携手美国系统完整鉴定小菜蛾全部发育阶段m
来自中国农业大学和美国肯塔基大学的研究人员携手系统完整地鉴定了小菜蛾全部发育阶段的保守和新的miRNAs,这项研究为将来的功能分析和害虫防治提供了分子靶标。相关文发表于2013年11月13日的《PLoS ONE》杂志上。
PLOS ONE:中国农大携手美国系统完整鉴定小菜蛾全部发育阶段miRNA
小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella)是全球范围内严重危害十字花科作物生长的鳞翅目害虫,据估计每年造成的损失和防治成本达到40-50亿美元。最近的转录组分析和基因组测序为了解小菜蛾适应环境胁迫的分子机制提供了一个极好的机会。尽管Etebari等发现了在寄生胁迫下二龄幼虫中的一组miRNAs,但仍缺乏对小菜蛾完整miRNA的鉴定。
为此,研究人员首先采用高通量测序技术对小菜蛾的miRNA组进行了全面鉴定。实验中构建了小菜蛾(从卵到成虫)的整个发育阶段的混合小RNA文库。通过比对家蚕基因组和miRBase上已报道的miRNAs,共鉴定出234个miRNAs。当使用小菜蛾的基因组数据作为参考时,可鉴定出348个miRNAs,这其中有120个miRNAs 在两种比对情况下是重合的。
因此,从小菜蛾的不同发育阶段中总共鉴定出462个mirnas,而其中69个miRNAs已在Etebari等的研究中被发现。在剩余383个新的miRNAs中,有174个是小菜蛾特有的。这将成为分析miRNA在小菜蛾的变态发育,对环境的生理行为适应性中作用的基础。
为分析miRNA对靶基因表达的调控,分析miRNA表达谱的变化是必不可少的,因此研究人员采用定制的μParaflo®微流体miRNA芯片对miRNA在小菜蛾不同发育阶段的表达谱展开分析。定制芯片上包含有全部234个来自测序预测到的miRNAs。
在所有被检测的miRNAs中,143个miRNAs在卵,幼虫,蛹和成虫中表达稳定,而其余91个miRNAs在小菜蛾的不同发育阶段发生差异性表达,分别有16,16,16,和7个小菜蛾miRNAs分别在卵,幼虫,蛹和成虫中特异性表达。在另一项研究中,Zhang等发现在已知的354个家蚕miRNAs中,有106个miRNAs在家蚕的所有发育阶段都表达,而余下的miRNAs是卵和蛹特异性的,这也表明昆虫miRNAs在胚胎发生和变态发育中发挥重要的作用。
上述研究,不仅系统记录了小菜蛾完整的miRNA谱,同时也为将来的功能分析和害虫防治提供了分子靶标。
原文摘要:
Identification and Developmental Profiling of microRNAs in Diamondback Moth, Plutellaxylostella (L.)
Pei Liang, Bing Feng, Xuguo Zhou, Xiwu Gao
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small RNAs involved in various biological processes through negative regulation of mRNAs at the post-transcriptional level. Although miRNA profiles have been documented in over two dozen insect species, few are agricultural pests. In this study, both conserved and novel miRNAs in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L., a devastating insect pest of cruciferous crops worldwide, were documented. High-throughput sequencing of a small RNA library constructed from a mixed life stages of P. xylostella,including eggs, 1st to 4th (last) instar larvae, pupae and adults, identified 384 miRNAs, of which 174 were P. xylostella specific. In addition, temporal expressions of 234 miRNAs at various developmental stages were investigated using a customized microarray analysis. Among the 91 differentially expressed miRNAs, qRT-PCR analysis was used to validate highly expressed miRNAs at each stage. The combined results not only systematically document miRNA profiles in an agriculturally important insect pest, but also provide molecular targets for future functional analysis and, ultimately, genetic-based pest control practice.