耕作方式对砂姜黑土玉米农田土壤微生物特性及酶活性的影响
在山东省砂姜黑土田小麦、玉米轮作双季秸秆还田下，以传统小麦季旋耕为对照(CK)，开展定位耕作试验探讨小麦季不同耕作措施对夏玉米灌浆期土壤微生物量和酶活性的影响。结果表明：与CK相比,免耕模式下能显著增加0-20cm土层真菌数量(+48.4%) 、土壤微生物生物量碳SMBC（+84.3%）和SMBC/ SMBN比值(+100%),但蔗糖酶活性显著降低（-43.1%）。深耕和深松模式下微生物生物量碳（SMBC）与CK差异均不显著，微生物生物量氮（SMBN）显著降低，分别比对照下降33.0%和37.9%，但深松模式下SMBC/ SMBN比对照增加138%，深耕和深松下脲酶活性均显著高于其它模式。本区域砂姜黑土农田在小麦季传统旋耕基础上，可以适当结合免耕和深松进行轮耕以促进玉米季土壤碳氮转化，提升土壤质量。
英文摘要:
Under wheat-maize rotation system, effects of tillage managements in wheat-maize crop system on soil microbial characters and soil enzyme activities in summer maize Season in Shajiang black soil were studied in Shandong province. Conventional tillage management, i.e. rotary tillage was as control (CK). Compared with CK, no-tillage treatment could obviously increase Fungi amount in the soil layer of (0-20cm) (+48.4%), the soil microbial biomass C (SMBC) (+84.3%) and the ratio of SMBC/ SMBN (+100%), while the activity of invertase decreased by 43.1%.Compared with CK, SMBC was not affected significantly by either subsoiling tillage or deep tillage, while soil microbial biomass N（SMBN）was decreased by 33.0% and 37.9%, respectively. However, the ratio of SMBC/ SMBN under subsoiling tillage was 2.0 times the value of CK; the activity of urase was significantly increased by both deep tillage and subsoiling tillage. From the above results, the combination of conventional tillage (CK) and subsoiling tillage and no- tillage would be suggested to improve the soil carbon and nitrogen transformation and to further increase soil quality.
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