以5个优良的欧洲玉米种质BRC自交系为母本，5个不同来源的优良自交系为父本，采用NCⅡ设计，组配了25个杂交组合，在3种密度下对欧洲玉米种质BRC选系的杂种优势表现和配合力进行了研究。结果表明，不同密度下，F1代单株产量杂种优势普遍存在，变化趋势是随密度增加而降低。自交系BRC-1在60 000株/hm2密度下有较高的GCA效应，自交系 BRC-5在3个密度条件下均有较高的GCA效应，且随着密度的增加，GCA效应增加。同一组合在不同密度下SCA效应存在较大差异， SCA效应增减与密度增减的变化方向不一致。在60 000株/hm2、67 500株/hm2、75 000株/hm2密度下总配合力最高的组合分别为BRC-5×D37、BRC-5×S121和BRC-5×HG162，在不同密度下单株产量的总配合力效应与杂种优势极显著正相关。综合分析认为，自交系BRC-5和BRC-1在实际育种中有较大的利用价值，用自交系BRC-5容易组配出高产耐密组合；欧洲种质×塘四平头和欧洲种质×旅大红骨+塘四平头的杂优模式在高产耐密杂交种选育中有很大的应用潜力。
英文摘要:
Abstract: 25 hybrids were obtained by 5 inbred lines selected from European germplasm BRC crossed with 5 inbred lines with different germplasm according to NCⅡ design. Heterosis, combining ability of the combinations in different densities were analyzed. The results showed that the heterosis of yield per plant of F1 generation was widespread, and the variation trend was reduced with density increasing. The GCA of inbred line BRC-1 was higher than the other lines in the density of 60 000 plant/ hm2; the inbred line BRC-5 had high GCA in 3 different densities, and the GCA effect was increased with the density increased. The SCA effect of the same combination in different densities was different, and the change of SCA effect was not consistent with the change direction of density. The combination with the highest TCA of 60 000 plant/hm2、67 500 plant/hm2、75 000 plant/hm2 was respectively BRC-5×D37、BRC-5×S121and BRC-5×HG162,and the TCA effect of per plant yield under different densities was significantly positively correlated with heterosis. In conclusion, the inbred line BRC-5and BRC-1 is very useful in practical breeding, and the combinations with high yield and high density tolerance are easy to get by crossing using BRC-5 as a parent. European germplasm × Tang Siping Tou and European germplasm × Lvdahonggu +Tang Siping Tou are good heterotic models and have greet potential application in high yield and high density tolerance hybrid breeding.
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