为了探讨玉米抗倒性评价的方法，分析不同基因型玉米密植抗倒伏能力，筛选能快速鉴定玉米抗倒伏能力的指标，本研究以东北平原主栽的15份玉米品种为材料，采用田间试验的方法，设置4个种植密度，分别是7.5万株·hm-2、9.0万株·hm-2、10.5万株·hm-2、12.0万株·hm-2，其中以7.5万株·hm-2作为对照处理，在灌浆期对玉米的株高、穗位高，茎秆基部第3节茎粗、节间长、穿刺强度、抗折力、干物质积累、鲜重、可溶性糖含量、全钾含量进行测定，根据各项指标的抗倒伏系数，通过主成分分析、隶属函数分析和聚类分析等方法对不同玉米品种灌浆期的密植抗倒性进行综合评价。结果表明：10个单项指标转换成为可以鉴定玉米密植抗倒伏能力的4个相互独立的综合指标；通过聚类分析将15份玉米品种灌浆期的抗倒性划分为3类，其中‘先正达408’等3份玉米品种表现为高度抗倒，‘先玉027’等8份玉米品种表现为中度抗倒，‘农华101’等4份玉米品种表现为不抗倒。
英文摘要:
The main purpose of the present study was to explore the methods of evaluating lodging-resistance of maize, analyze the lodging resistance of different maize genotypes, screen suitable evaluation indicators of lodging-resistance. Fifteen main varieties of maize planted in the Northeast Plain were treated under four different planting density conditions in a field experiment. The four planting density were 75000 plant·ha-2、90000 plant·ha-2、 105000 plant·ha-2、 120000 plant·ha-2, 75000 plant·ha-2 planting was used as control. In the filling stage of maize plant height, ear height, basal stem section third, stem diameter, internode length, puncture strength, flexural strength, dry matter accumulation, fresh weight, soluble sugar content and total potassium content were investigated at the mature period. Lodging-resistance coefficient (LRC) of all indexes was used to comprehensively evaluate the lodging-resistance by principal component analysis, membership function method and hierarchical cluster analysis. The results showed that 10 single morphological indexes for maize of different genotypes under lodging-resistance stress could be recombined into four separate comprehensive indexes. On the base of comparing the lodging-resistance tolerance comprehensive evaluation value (value D) of different maize varieties, which was calculated from the subordinate function analysis, 15 maize varieties were divided into three groups using cluster analysis, among which three varieties such as ‘ Syngenta 408’have higher lodging-resistance, 8 varieties including ‘Xianyu 027’ show medium towards lodging-resistance stress, while four varieties including ‘Nonghua 101’ are not lodging-resistance.
查看全文
;
