玉米锈病在我国玉米产区近年来呈现大爆发的流行趋势,挖掘抗锈病玉米种质,进而培育抗病品种是防治锈病危害最经济有效的途径。本研究选用遗传育种上较为常用的184份重要玉米自交系(包括121份普通玉米和63份糯玉米),在两个环境下对锈病抗性进行了鉴定,共筛选出K22、齐319、T2等18份高抗系和农大1145、中128、R-8等18份抗病系；普通玉米自交系中高抗和抗的占26%,而糯玉米自交系中只占6%。基于SNP标记基因频率的系统聚类将184份自交系划分为9个类群,从血缘类群上来看,普通玉米自交系中P类群最抗,塘四平头类群抗锈最差,糯玉米自交系中热带类群抗性稍好一点。所有类群间病情指数差异均达到极显著水平。
英文摘要:
The maize rust has been a popular trend in maize producing areas in China in recent years. It is a most economical and effective way to prevent and treat rust disease by exploiting rust-resistant maize germplasm and cultivating resistant varieties. In this study, 184 important maize inbred lines (including 121 common maize inbred lines and 63 waxy maize inbred lines), commonly used in the breeding programs, were selected to identify the rust-resistance in two environments. The result indicated that 18 maize inbred lines, including K22, Qi319, and so on, were highly rust-resistant; 18 maize inbred lines, including Nongda1145, Zhong 128, R-8, and so on, were resistant. In common maize inbred lines, 26% were high resistant, and 6% were resistant. While in waxy maize inbred lines, only 6% accounted for the rust resistance. Based on the allele frequency of SNP markers, 184 maize inbred lines were clustered into nine groups. Among these nine groups, the P group of the common maize inbred lines was the most resistant, the Tangsiping group was the worst, and the rust resistance of the tropical group in waxy maize was slightly better. The difference of disease index among all groups reached the extremely significant level.
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