柳叶刺蓼是吉林省春玉米田的恶性杂草,严重危害玉米生长发育,降低玉米产量。在大田条件下采用添加系列试验和拟合函数关系模型的方法,研究了柳叶刺蓼与玉米的竞争关系。结果表明,在柳叶刺蓼的竞争干扰下,玉米株高,茎粗,穗长,单穗重,百粒重及产量均随柳叶刺蓼密度的增加而降低,空杆率增加。幂函数能较好地拟合玉米产量损失与柳叶刺蓼密度之间的关系y=2.947x0.855(R2=0.983;F=287.355;P=0.0001)。玉米田柳叶刺蓼人工除草的经济阈值为3.97～5.02株/m2,90%莠去津可分散粒剂或20%氯氟吡氧乙酸乳油化学防除柳叶刺蓼的经济阈值分别为0.45～0.58和0.53～0.67株/m2。
英文摘要:
Polygonum bungeanum, a malignant weed, seriously damaged spring maize growth and reduced maize yield in fields. A field experiment was carried out to study the effects of P. bungeanum of different densities (0,5,10,15,20,25 and 30 plant/m2 ) on the maize growth and yield by the method of additive series experiment. Results showed that increasing density of P. bungeanum significantly reduced maize’s plant height,stem diameter, ear length, ear weight , 100-grain weight and yield, but the empty stem increasesd. The power function model was the best in describing the relationship between P. bungeanum density and yield loss as y=2.947x0.855(R2=0.983;F=287.355;P=0.0001).Economic threshold of P. bungeanum control was 3.97～5.02 plants /m2 for manual weeding , while for the chemical herbicides of 90% atrazine DC, 20% fluroxypyr EC were0.45～0.58 and0.53～0.67 plants /m2, respectively.
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