玉米品种京科968（京724/京92）是由北京市农林科学院玉米研究中心选育并通过国家审定的优良品种。为进一步提高京科968的制种效率和降低成本，基于S型细胞质雄性不育系研发建立了该品种的三系配套杂交种制种方法。本研究利用40对SSR核心引物和MaizeSNP3072芯片对京科968雄性不育及常规制种的母本、杂交种进行遗传背景分析后发现，雄性不育制种母本不育系S京724与常规制种母本京724之间、雄性不育制种京科968（简称S京科968）与常规制种京科968（简称N京科968）之间均未检测到差异位点。表型比较结果表明，S京724与京724在株高等农艺性状、单穗粒重等产量性状上的表现均无显著性差异。经花粉I2-KI染色鉴定，S京科968花粉表现约50%可染，50%败育，与S型细胞质的恢复型F1代植株花粉育性吻合。河南、河北、北京、辽宁、吉林多点鉴定结果表明，S京科968与N京科968在株高、穗位高、雄穗分支数、雄穗主轴长等农艺性状和穗长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数、单穗粒重、容重等产量性状上的表现均无显著性差异。上述结果证明，利用S型细胞质雄性不育系进行京科968三系配套杂交种制种是切实可行的。
英文摘要:
The maize hybrid Jingke968 (Jing 724/Jing 92) is a superior variety, developed by the Maize Research Center in Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences. To improve the production efficiency of Jingke968, the three- line seed production method was developed and established based on the S-type cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) line. In the present study, the genetic background of the normal and sterile female parent of Jingke 968 and their resulted hybrids were evaluated with 40 core SSR loci and MaizeSNP3072 chip. No loci difference was observed between the sterile female parent S- Jing724 and normal Jing724 nor between the hybrid obtained by S-Jing724 (S-Jingke968) and normal Jingke968 (N-Jingke 968). In addition, the phenotypic analysis demonstrated that no significant difference was observed in the agronomic traits such as plant height nor in the yield traits such as grain weight between S-Jing 724 and Jing724. The pollen staining with I2-KI demonstrated that half of the pollens from S-jingke968 was viable and half was sterile, which is consistent with the pollen of restored S-CMS F1 plants. The multiple location evaluation results from Henan, Hebei, Beijing, Liaoning and Jilin indicated that no substantial difference was present in the agronomic traits, including plant height, ear height, tassel branch number and principal axis length, and yield traits, including ear length, ear diameter, number of rows, kernels per row, bare tip length, grain weight per ear and test weight, between S-Jingke968 and N-Jingke968. Our data testify the feasibility of three-line seed production system of Jingke968 using S-type CMS line of Jing724.
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