以先玉335为试验材料,在大田条件下设置苗带紧行间松(MJ)、苗带松行间紧(MS)、全紧(QJ)和全松(QS)4种耕作方式处理,研究了耕作方式对春玉米籽粒重量及各器官钾含量,钾素吸收、积累和利用的影响。结果表明,苗带紧行间松型耕作方式下玉米的籽粒重量显著高于其它3种耕作方式,苗带松行间紧、全松和全紧型耕作方式的玉米籽粒重量差异不显著。开花期,苗带紧行间松型耕作方式下玉米茎杆的钾素积累量最高,钾素含量与其它处理差异不显著；成熟期,苗带紧行间松型耕作方式下玉米叶片和籽粒的钾素积累量最高,叶片的钾素含量最高,根系和茎杆的钾素含量最低。苗带紧行间松型耕作方式的钾素偏生产力和钾素吸收效率最高。对粒重与钾效率各参数的相关分析表明,粒重与钾素籽粒生产效率、钾素吸收效率、整株干物重和钾素收获指数显著正相关,与钾素偏生产力极显著正相关。综合考虑钾素吸收、积累和籽粒产量,确定苗带紧行间松型耕作方式为最佳耕作方式。
英文摘要:
Xianyu 335 were chosen as the experiment material. A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of four tillage methods (compact seedbed and loose ridge furrow alternative tillage, loose seedbed and compact ridge furrow alternative tillage, all compact with seedbed and furrow tillage, all loose with seedbed and furrow tillage) on the grain weight, potassium content, potassium absorption, accumulation and utilization of spring maize. The result showed that the grain weight of compact seedbed and loose ridge furrow alternative tillage was the highest among these 4 tillage methods. There were no significant difference between other tillage methods. The potassium accumulation of stem in compact seedbed and loose ridge furrow alternative tillage were highest at flowering stage, but have no difference of potassium content with other treatment. Potassium accumulation of leaves, grains and potassium content of leaves in compact seedbed and loose ridge furrow alternative tillage were the highest, but the potassium content of root and stem was the lowest. Potassium partial productivity and potassium uptake efficiency of maize in compact seedbed and loose ridge furrow alternative tillage were significantly higher than other tillages. The correlation analysis showed that grain weight was significantly and positively correlated to potassium grain production efficiency, potassium uptake efficiency, plant dry matter weight and potassium harvest index, and highly significantly and positively correlated to potassium partial productivity. All things considered, compact seedbed and loose ridge furrow alternative tillage was the best tillage method in the actual production.
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