研究玉米不同生育期叶片酶活性在不同施磷水平的差异及其与产量间的关系,阐述酶活性的变化特性,探讨玉米高产节肥的适宜施磷量。选用天津市主推玉米品种中单509,设置5个施磷水平,测定不同生育期叶片的硝酸还原酶 (NRase)、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、过氧化物酶 (POD)和过氧化氢酶 (CAT)活性及玉米产量。随着施磷量的增加,产量先升高后下降,呈单峰曲线变化,施纯磷量在78.53kg/hm2时,中单509产量达到最大；随着施磷量的增加,叶片SOD活性、POD活性、CAT活性、硝酸还原酶活性均先上升后下降,呈单峰曲线变化,施纯磷量在105.00kg/hm2时,大喇叭口期叶片POD活性达到最大,施纯磷量在75.00kg/hm2时,抽雄期叶片SOD活性和CAT活性、拔节期叶片硝酸还原酶活性达到最大。不同施磷量处理对玉米叶片的酶活性及产量有一定的影响,增施适量的磷肥有利于玉米叶片的氮代谢和产量的提高。
英文摘要:
For expounding enzyme efficiency of leaves and yield traits associated with phosphate fertilizers supplement and optimization of phosphate fertilizers suitable amount for high efficient maize production and clarifying the variation of various enzymes. We monitored the changes of a spring maize Zhogndan509 leaves in each growth stage using five levels of phosphate fertilizers sets. The results showed that the yield possessed a close relationship with the increasing use of phosphate, and showed a unimodal pattern in pace with phosphate fertilizers supplement at the level of 78.53kg/hm2. Catalytic efficiency of POD could reach onto the maximum on the big flare stage at the level of 105.00kg/hm2for phosphate fertilizers in the form of a unimodal pattern. Enzyme efficiency of SOD and CAT came to the peak on the tasseling stage, enzyme efficiency of POD came to the peak on the jointing stage at the level of 75.00kg/hm2. Phosphate supplement possessed significant effect to yield and enzyme efficiency of leaves, and suitable increased phosphate supplement would be a best suggestion for enhancing nitrogen metabolism and yield.
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