对生产上推广的47个玉米品种萌发期和苗期的耐盐性进行综合评价，以为玉米生长早期耐盐性的鉴定和评价提供方法指导。采用220 mmoL·L-1和270 mmoL·L-1 NaCl模拟盐环境，测定玉米发芽指标(发芽势、发芽率、最终发芽率、发芽指数、发芽速度、平均发芽时间)和幼苗生长指标(苗高、根长、苗鲜重、根鲜重、苗干重、根干重)。以基于这些鉴定指标的耐盐系数为评价依据，根据各指标耐盐系数隶属函数值的变异系数划分各指标的权重，利用加权隶属函数法对供试玉米品种进行综合评价和耐盐性级别划分。结果发现，与对照相比，在220 mmoL·L-1和270 mmoL·L-1 NaCl胁迫下，所有品种的各项鉴定指标都降低；不同品种和不同浓度胁迫在各个鉴定指标上都表现出差异。在所有鉴定指标中，发芽势和发芽率与萌发期耐盐性关系密切且权重高，但发芽率在品种间的表现比发芽势更稳定；根生长指标与苗期耐盐性关系密切且权重高。根据加权隶属函数值，将供试玉米品种分为高耐盐、耐盐、敏感、高敏感共四级，综合两个盐浓度，高耐盐品种有鲁单981、迪卡M9、德玉4号、隆平206、登海618、青农11号、士海928，高敏感品种有蠡玉16、丹玉405、祥玉11号、东单60、中科4号、良玉188。因此，发芽率和根生长指标可作为玉米生长早期耐盐性的鉴定指标。加权隶属函数法对不同玉米品种的耐盐性鉴定是一种可行的评价方法。所筛选的高耐盐和高敏感品种可进一步用于耐盐机理研究，并指导盐碱地玉米栽培。
英文摘要:
Salt tolerance of 47 corn varietisat germination and seedling stages were comprehensively evaluated in order to provide a guide for identification and evaluation of salt tolerance of corn. Under 220 mmoL·L-1 and 270 mmoL·L-1 NaCl solution and distilled water, germinate potential, germination rate, final germination rate, germination index, germination velocity, mean germination time, shoot height, root length, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root were determined. Based on salt tolerance coefficients derived from these identification indices, the weight of each index was allocated according to variation coefficient of membership function value of every salt tolerance coefficients, and the tested corn varieties were evaluated and classified for salt tolerance with the weighted membership function method. Compared with distilled water control, all identification indices were declined under 220 mmoL·L-1 and 270 mmoL·L-1 NaCl stress and showed the differnces among both different varieties and different NaCl concerntrations. Among all identification indices, germination potential and germination rate were closer with salt tolerance at germination stage, and their weights were high, but germination rate was more variable than germination potential among tested varieties. Root grow indices were closer with salt tolerance at seedling stage, and their weights were high. With the weighted membership function method, salt tolerance of tested corn varieties were categorized into highly salt tolerant, salt tolerant, salt susceptible and highly salt susceptible. According to two NaCl concerntrations, Ludan 981, Dika M9、Deyu 4, Longping 206, Denghai 618, Qingnong 11, Shihai 928 were highly salt tolerant, and Liyu 16, Danyu 405, Xiangyu 11, Dongdan 60, Zhongke 4, Liangyu 188 were highly salt susceptible. Therefore, germination rate and root grow indices are the efficient identification indexs of salt tolerance at early grow stage. The weighted membership function method can evaluate salt tolerance feasibly. The screened varieties of highly salt tolerant and susceptible can be used to research salt tolerance mechanism and guide corn cultivation of salt-affected?soil.
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