等氮条件下施肥方式对夏玉米产量及土壤养分吸收利用的影响
等氮（225 kg/hm2）条件下，研究了不同施肥方式对夏玉米产量及其构成因素，不同生育期植株对养分吸收及0~20 cm和20~40 cm土壤速效养分含量动态变化情况。明确不同施肥方式对夏玉米的增产效应，为夏玉米施肥技术提供参考。结果表明：等氮条件下，施肥均不同程度增加夏玉米产量，增产幅度16.48%~48.15%，收获指数增加幅度0.09~0.11个点。其中，缓控释肥处理（T5和T6）对夏玉米产量提高作用明显，最高达9697.50 kg/hm2（CK处理6545.40 kg/hm2）。且缓控释肥处理在玉米不同生育期土壤养分残留量表现为先低后高再低的趋势，能较好地协调土壤养分供应与夏玉米地上部养分吸收，氮肥农学效率、氮肥偏生产力和氮肥表观利用率均较高，利于获得高产。
英文摘要:
Under equal N level (225 kg/hm2) to analyze the effect of different fertilize treatments on yield and its components, nutrient uptake in different growth period and available nutrient content in soil layer 0~20 cm and 20~40 cm. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different fertilizer treatment on yield increasing and provide reference to fertilize technology for summer maize. Result showed that control to CK, summer maize yield was increased under fertilize treatments, ranged from 16.48% to 48.15%, harvest index increase extent from 0.09 to 0.11. Controlled-release fertilizer of T5 and T6 had perfect effect on yield improving of summer maize under equal N level, the highest grain yield was 9697.50 kg/hm2, which was 48.15% higher than CK treatment (6545.40 kg/hm2). It showed a low-high-low trend soil nutrient residue with the process of growth period. On equal N level, application of controlled-release could perfectly coordinate soil nutrient supply and above-ground growth of summer maize and beneficial to higher yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency, which was beneficial to higher yield.
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