为了研究玉米不同生育期叶片酶活性在不同施钾水平下的差异及其与产量间的关系,阐述酶活性的变化特性,探讨玉米高产节肥的适宜施钾量。选用天津市主推玉米品种中单509,设置5个施钾水平,测定不同生育期叶片的硝酸还原酶(NRase)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及玉米产量。结果表明,随着施钾量的增加,玉米产量先升高后下降,呈单峰曲线变化,当施纯钾量在67.50 kg/hm2时,产量达到最大。随着施钾量的增加叶片SOD活性、POD活性、CAT活性都是先升高后下降,呈单峰曲线变化,SOD和POD活性均以施纯钾量为67.50 kg/hm2时的抽雄期为最高,CAT活性以施纯钾量为90.00 kg/hm2时的抽雄期为最高,硝酸还原酶活性以施纯钾量为67.50 kg/hm2时的拔节期达最高。不同施钾量处理对玉米叶片的酶活性及产量有显著的影响,施用适量的钾肥有利于玉米叶片的氮代谢和产量的提高。
英文摘要:
For expounding enzyme efficiency of leaves and yield traits associated with potassium supplement and optimization of potassium fertilizers suitable amount for high efficient maize production and clarifying the variation of various enzymes, we monitored the changes of a spring maize Zhogndan509 leaves in each growth stage using five levels of potassium fertilizers sets. Our results demonstrated that the yield possessed a close relatioship with the increasing use of potassium, and showed a unimodal pattern in pace with potassium fertilizers supplement at the level of 67.50 kg/hm2. Catalytic efficiency of SOD, POD and CAT could reach onto the maximum at the level of 67.50 kg/hm2for potassium fertilizers in the form of a unimodal pattern. In detail, a level of 67.50 kg/hm2forpotassium fertilizers supplement could endow a maximum SOD and POD efficiency on tasseling stage, but for nitrate reductase efficiency on jointing stage; Beside these, CAT catalytic efficiency could reach to a peak at the level of 90.00 kg/hm2 for potassium supplement on tasseling stage. All the results illustrated that potassium supplement possess significant relationship with yield and leaves enzyme efficiency, and suitable increased potassium supplement would be a best suggestion for enhancing nitrogen metabolism and yield.
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