PNAS:弧菌感染与气候变化
美国马里兰大学一项研究提出了在气候变暖与弧菌感染之间的联系。原核生物在维持地球的生命方面占据了一个关键的角色，并且代表了世界海洋中最大的活的生物质。尽管大量研究已经证明了气候变暖增加了海洋温度并且改变了海洋生态系统，但是几乎没有研究审视这些变化对海洋原核生物的影响。Rita Colwell及其同事获得了浮游生物连续记录系统(CRP)调查在1958年到2011年间收集并保存的浮游植物样本，然后重建了包括人类病原体在内的弧菌物种的丰富程度的历史。这组作者把重点放在了北大西洋和北海的9个区域，他们发现气候变化与浮游植物变化具有相关性。这组作者还提出了统计模型，这些模型表明，不断增加的海洋表面温度促进了弧菌种群的长期增加。此外，这组作者分析了北欧和美国大西洋沿岸的报告的弧菌感染病例，这些病例已知通过浮游生物连续记录系统(CRP)样本含有的物种加以传播的。这组作者说，这些证据表明，与气候变暖有关的海水中的不断上升的弧菌浓度可能导致通过诸如休闲浴和食物传播的病媒等路径的人类感染激增。
原文链接：
Climate influence on Vibrio and associated human diseases during the past half-century in the coastal North Atlantic
原文摘要：
Climate change is having a dramatic impact on marine animal and plant communities but little is known of its influence on marine prokaryotes, which represent the largest living biomass in the world oceans and play a fundamental role in maintaining Life on our planet. In this study, for the first time to our knowledge, experimental evidence is provided on the link between multidecadal climatic variability in the temperate North Atlantic and the presence and spread of an important group of marine prokaryotes, the vibrios, which are responsible for several infections in both humans and animals. Using archived formalin-preserved plankton samples collected by the Continuous Plankton Recorder survey over the past half-century (1958–2011), we assessed retrospectively the relative abundance of vibrios, including human pathogens, in nine areas of the North Atlantic and North Sea and showed correlation with climate and plankton changes. Generalized additive models revealed that long-term increase in Vibrio abundance is promoted by increasing sea surface temperatures (up to ∼1.5 °C over the past 54 y) and is positively correlated with the Northern Hemisphere Temperature (NHT) and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) climatic indices (P < 0.001). Such increases are associated with an unprecedented occurrence of environmentally acquired Vibrio infections in the human population of Northern Europe and the Atlantic coast of the United States in recent years.
作者：Luigi Vezzulli
