PLoS Genetics:北生所何新建实验室揭示植物RNA介导DNA甲基化组分调

摘要 : 2016年5月12日,国际著名学术期刊《PLOS Genetics》杂志在线发表了北京生命科学研究所何新建实验室题为“Two components of the RNA-directed DNA methylation pathway associate with MORC6 and silence loci targeted by MORC6 in Arabidopsis”的文章。

2016年5月12日,国际著名学术期刊《PLOS Genetics》杂志在线发表了北京生命科学研究所何新建实验室题为“Two components of the RNA-directed DNA methylation pathway associate with MORC6 and silence loci targeted by MORC6 in Arabidopsis”的文章。研究文章报道了拟南芥RNA介导DNA甲基化通路中的关键组分通过结合负责异染色质聚集的MORC蛋白参与转录沉默的新机制。何新建实验室博士研究生刘章伟为论文第一作者,何新建博士为论文通讯作者。

DNA甲基化是很多真核生物中保守的染色质修饰方式,它在介导基因组上转座子和外源基因的转录沉默、维持基因组的稳定性和调控基因表达等方面具有重要作用。植物中的RNA介导DNA甲基化通路是DNA甲基化建立的重要方式,该通路中的组分在DNA甲基化方面的功能已经比较明确,但是目前并不清楚这些组分是否具有DNA甲基化以外的其它功能。

何新建实验室的以往的研究发现SU(VAR)3-9类似蛋白SUVH9在RNA介导DNA甲基化通路中负责招募RNA聚合酶V,是RNA聚合酶V转录产生长链非编码RNA所必需的;该研究还发现SUVH9能够结合负责异染色质聚集的MORC蛋白,但是对其结合的功能机制并不清楚(Liu et al., PLoS genetics, 2014)。以往的研究表明,MORC6通过介导异染色质聚集参与转录沉默,但是对DNA甲基化没有影响。何新建实验室在本研究中发现, MORC6不仅能够与RNA介导DNA甲基化通路中的SUVH9相互作用,也能够与该通路中的另一重要组分IDN2相互作用。在SUVH9和它的同源蛋白SUVH2的双突变体以及IDN2的单突变体中,很多MORC6靶位点的转录沉默受到了影响,但是DNA甲基化水平却并没有变化,这揭示RNA介导DNA甲基化通路中的这些重要蛋白在转录沉默方面的功能不依赖它们在DNA甲基化方面的功能,而依赖它们与MORC6的相互作用。进一步研究表明,SWI/SNF类型染色质重塑蛋白复合体的重要组分SWI3B、SWI3C和SWI3D能够结合MORC6和SUVH9并参与转录沉默。该研究表明RNA介导DNA甲基化通路的某些组分不仅能够通过DNA甲基化通路参与转录沉默,而且也能够通过与MORC6和SWI/SNF染色质重塑蛋白复合体相互作用以调控异染色质聚集的方式参与转录沉默,这揭示了DNA甲基化与异染色质聚集相互关联的分子机制。

原文链接:

Two components of the RNA-directed DNA methylation pathway associate with MORC6 and silence loci targeted by MORC6 in Arabidopsis

原文摘要:

The SU(VAR)3-9 homolog SUVH9 and the double-stranded RNA-binding protein IDN2 were thought to be components of an RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) pathway inArabidopsis. We previously found that SUVH9 interacts with MORC6 but how the interaction contributes to transcriptional silencing remains elusive. Here, our GENEtic analysis indicates that SUVH2 and SUVH9 can either act in the same pathway as MORC6 or act synergistically with MORC6 to mediate transcriptional silencing. Moreover, we demonstrate that IDN2 interacts with MORC6 and mediates the silencing of a subset of MORC6 target loci. Like SUVH2, SUVH9, and IDN2, other RdDM components including Pol IV, Pol V, RDR2, and DRM2 are also required for transcriptional silencing at a subset of MORC6 target loci. MORC6 was previously shown to mediate transcriptional silencing through heterochromatin condensation. We demonstrate that the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex components SWI3B, SWI3C, and SWI3D interact with MORC6 as well as with SUVH9 and then mediate transcriptional silencing. These results suggest that the RdDM components are involved not only in DNA methylation but also in MORC6-mediated heterochromatin condensation. This study illustrates how DNA methylation is linked to heterochromatin condensation and thereby enhances transcriptional silencing at methylated genomic regions.

doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1006026

作者:何新建

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