控释氮肥在土壤中的释放特征及其对春玉米的养分吸收及氮肥利用率的影响
通过田间试验研究了控释氮肥在田间的养分释放特征，及其在玉米生长期间内养分需求和氮素供应状况，以及对土壤无机氮、玉米产量和氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明，控释氮肥的养分释放达到了控释效果，其养分释放与玉米的养分吸收规律基本一致。与普通氮肥相比，施用控释氮肥有效的提高了土壤中的无机氮含量，促进了玉米植株对氮素的吸收利用。施用控释氮肥处理的玉米吸氮量比普通氮肥处理增加8.41%，玉米产量较普通氮肥增产720kg/hm2(6.33%)，氮肥利用率较普通氮肥处理高10.13个百分点，且氮肥农学效率也较普通氮肥处理高19.48%。
英文摘要:
The releasing characteristics of controlled-release urea fertilizers (CRUF) and its effects on nutrient requirements and nitrogen supplies during the maize growth, soil inorganic nitrogen, maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency were studied by field experiments. The results showed that nutrient release of the CRUF achieved the requirements for controlled-release, which the law of nutrient release was basically in line with the nutrient absorption of maize. The CRUF significantly increased the contents of inorganic nitrogen in soil compared with common urea fertilizer (CUF), and improved nitrogen absorption and utilization for corn plants. The nitrogen uptake, yield, nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen agronomic efficiency of maize in the CRNF treatment were 8.41%, 720kg/hm2(6.33%), 10.13 percentage points and 19.48% greater than that in the CUF treatment, respectively.
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